These days, an increase in terrorist attacks and advanced techniques for creating small explosive devices using powerful, high-explosive materials are causing massive building collapses, economic losses, and death. Protecting and mitigating the effects of explosions on structures and the people in them have become important to scientists. In this article, the effect of different parameters on the target structure, such as standoff distance, charge weight, and the use of protection systems have been reviewed. It is not economical to design the main parts of the structure so that they can withstand different hazards, therefore the use of different protection systems and materials such as walls, fences, sacrificial claddings, sandwich panels, and FRP, to mitigate the BLAST pressure and diffracted waves, and the results of their analysis have been discussed. The role of these protection systems is to absorb high kinetic energy in the form of strain energy through deformation. It is sometimes possible to replace these systems with a new one after failure at a lower cost than structures without a protection system. This paper presents an overview for beginner researchers to study the effects of the explosion on the structures and investigate solutions to reduce these harmful effects and protect the structures, and their inhabitants.